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Engineering ToolBox > Dehumidification
Air may be dehumidified by
In a cooling system the humidity is reduced by cooling the air below dew point. A part of the moisture in the air is condensed and drained out.
In an adsorption system the humidity is reduced with an adsorbent material as silica gel or activated alumina.
Adsorption is a physical process in where moisture is condensed and held on the surface of the material without any change of in the physical or chemical structure of the material. The adsorbent material can be reactivated by heat.
Silica gel - SiO2 - is a hard, adsorbent, crystalline substance and very porous. Voids are about 50 - 70% by volume and adsorbs water up to 40% of its own mass. The bulk density of silica gel is 480 - 720 kg/m3. The specific heat capacity is 1.13 kJ/kgK.
Activated alumina is about 90% aluminum oxide Al2O3 and very porous. Voids are about 50 - 70% by volume and adsorbs water up to 60% of its own mass. The bulk density is 800 - 870 kg/m3. The specific heat capacity is 1.0 kJ/kgK.
In an absorption system the humidity is reduced with an absorbent material such as a calcium chloride solution. Absorption involves a change in the physical or chemical structure of the material and it is in general not easy to reactivate the material.